Spinal Compression Fracture
Most compression fractures from osteoporosis cause no symptoms, but when a vertebra fractures, height can decrease and the back can become rounded.
Fractures can occur anywhere in the spine and may press on or injure the spinal cord. A fracture of the front of a vertebra from compressive force is called a compression fracture.
Common causes
01
In older adults, mostly osteoporosis
02
Strong impact, such as a traffic accident or fall from height
03
Landing hard on the buttocks after a misstep, or strain when lifting something heavy
Signs to watch for
- Hard to turn over in bed; severe pain when coughing or when the back is tapped
- Intense pain at the fracture and difficulty moving the back
- Multiple fractures can round the back (kyphosis)
How we diagnose
X-ray
The basic first test. Further tests may be added for a definite diagnosis.
MRI
Shows soft tissue that X-ray cannot, such as muscles, ligaments, discs, cartilage, nerves and blood vessels.
How we treat it
Minor injuries can be treated with rest and a brace. If there is no improvement or the fracture is severe, surgery may be needed.
Brace
A brace helps stop a curve from progressing. There are soft braces and rigid plastic braces; the type and wearing period are chosen for each patient.
Prolotherapy
Under live ultrasound guidance, a growth-promoting solution is injected into weakened ligaments and tendons. The controlled healing response it triggers promotes self-repair and strengthens the tissue.
Microscopic spine surgery
The most widely used spine surgery, keeping incisions minimal and preserving healthy tissue. A microscope magnifies the area up to 15 times to remove the herniated disc or thickened ligament.
When surgery is consideredWhen older adults stay in bed for a long time during conservative treatment, there is a risk of bedsores, pneumonia and urinary tract infections, so extra care is needed.